Gerhard ditmar



(No Model.)

G. DITMAR. ANNULAR LIQUID COMBUSTIBLE BURNER IOR INGANDUSUBNILIGHTS.

Patented Deo. 22, 1896.

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UNITED STATES i PATENT OEEIcE.

GERHARD DITMAR, OF VIENNA, AUSTRIA-HUNGARY.

ANNULAR LIQUID-COMBUSTIBLE BURNER FOR INCANDESCENT LIGHTS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 573,578, dated December 22, 1896.

Application led March 21, 1896. Serial No. 584,247. (No model.) Patented in England July 22, 1895, No. 13,935.

T 0 @ZZ whom it 71u01/ concern:

Beit known that I, GERHARD DITMAR, manufacturer, a subject of the Emperor of Austria-- Hungary, and a resident of Vienna, in the Empire of Austria-Hungary, have invented a new and useful Improved Annular Liquid- Combustible Burner for Incandescent Lights, of which the following is a full, exact, and clear description.

The invention has been patented in England, No. 13,935, July 22, 1895.

This invention relates to an annular or round burner by means of which the liquid combustible sucked through the wick is gasified without the aid of a separate gasifyingflame, the resulting gas being ignited after mixing with air. A very hot non-luminant blue iiame thus results. The shape of the latter flame is such that it is very well adapted for imparting a white clear luminant glow to the known tubular incandescent bodies.

lVith this improved burner it is possible to use combustibles which rapidly gasify, such as spirit, the distillates of petroleum andthe like, as also the petroleum in ordinary use. The combustible is gasied at the top and outer edge of the protruding end of the wick by a small flame maintained at the top inner side of the wick, which flame simultaneously ignites the mixture of air and gas. In order to effect this, the cross-sections of the apertures or canals con ducting the currents of air induced by a chimney which creates a strong sucking action and passing through and without the wick-tube are such that the outer current is somewhat stronger than the inner current passing through the wick tube. Hence the igniting or gasifying flame aforementioned cannot spread over the top and outer edge of the protruding wick. At the same time the inner current of air is retained or stowed in such manner at the contracted upper end of the wick-tube that the gasifying flame burns immediately above same without any danger of being extinguished. At the same time a whirling motion is imparted to the inner current of air, which latter then thoroughly and uniformly mixes with the gasified combustible, as also with the products of combustion from the ignitin gflame, and thus a regular blue flame is produced. The burner may also be arranged so that the said inner and outer currents; of air are independent of each other, in order that the small gasifying-flame may be made to burn without spreading over the top and outer parts of the protruding end of the Wick,

i. c., so that the outer current is strong enough to extinguish any llame.

The circular shape of the blue flame necessary for like-shaped incandescent bodies is caused by the cap-like extension of a hood arranged so as to leave an annular space for the outer current between same and the wicktube and by the arrangement and shape of a disk in the center of such hood. The upper edge of the latter is bent inwardly somewhat, so as to deilect the current of air, while the edges of said disk taper. The inner current of air is in the first place directed inwardly by the contracted upper end of the device arranged in the inner wick-tube, but after mixing with the products of combustion of the igniting-fiame and with the gasifled combustible is deflected outwardly again by the said tapering edge of the disk, the latter being arranged slightly above the inwardly-bent edge of the hood. In this manner the inner and outer currents of air, together with their respective admixtures, meet each other at an acute angle, and thus combine to produce a long flame.

For preventing any incompletely-burned carbonaceous particles from the ignitingflame being carried through the blue flame onto the inner surface of the incandescent body the upper end of the latter is connected to a tube of glass, metal, mica, or the like, such tube being extended to the top of the chimney and suitably secured thereto. The blue flame is thus drawn into said tube by reason of the strong suction action created .in the latter, and hence no soot can settle on the incandescent body.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a vertical section of the burner provided with an incandescent body and a separate passage for the inner and outer currents of air. Fig. 2 shows, on a smaller scale, a section of the chimney and the tube supporting the incandescent body.

The burner proper comprises the upper and ICO lower parts A B, detachably connected nby means of fixing-screws M. The wick-tubeD and the other usual parts for raising and lowering the wick P are in connection with the lower part B, whereas the upper part A supports the gallery F for the chimney O, the hood or cap R for directing the outer current of air, and the rod U for supporting the incandescent body G and adjustable by means of the screw M'. This arrangement thus allows of the upper part A, together with the chimney and incandescent body, being readily removed for cleaning and lighting the lamp, and this without any great risk of damaging the delicate incandescent body.

The parts A and B of the burner are each provided with a series of apertures for the air which passes between the hood R and wick-tube D and through the customary opening D to the inside of tube D. The crosssection of the opening D is so arranged that without any division the outer current of air is stronger than that passing through the wick-tube D. As shown in Fig. l, however, a partition B may be made in the lower or upper part of the burner, in which case the inner and outer currents of air are separated and a better effect is attained. A ring or flange I-I at the inner and upper edge of the wick-tube D retains or stows the inner current of air and also prevents the small igniting-flame immediately above same being extinguished. rlhis obstructing flange II at the same time imparts a whirling motion to the inner current of air and, as before described, causes the latter to intimately mix above the flange II with the products of combustion. A disk E, mounted on the top of a rod T and having a tapering edge, is arranged in the center of the hood R and so that its under surface is about in alinement with the bentin edge of same. Its tapering edge thus deects the combustible mixture of the inner current of air and gas, so as to strike the inwardly-directed outer current of air mixed with the gasied combustible at an acute angle. It will be seen that the bent edge S of the hood R causes the outer current to be deflected inwardly in the manner described.

The small flame at the inner side of the wick above the obstructing-ring at the upper end of the inner wick-tube is shown at X. In fact, as shown in the drawings, it is not a separate small flame burning on the inner upper end of the wick, but that part of the iame which is supplied with insufficient air, in order to prevent the flame being rooted from the wick at the outer and upper part of same. The curls shown on the drawings are to represent the vapors of the oil generated or developed from the wick, so as to feed the blue flame above, heating the incandescent body.

Fig. 2 shows the incandescent body G secured at its upper end to a short tube V, which is supported by the rod U and which opens into a farther tube IV, extending to near the top of the chimney C. This tube NV is preferably of somewhat larger diameter at its lower end and is suitably supported at the top of the chimney C by means of a holder or other suitable device. The draft created by the tubes V IV draws the upper edge of the blue flame into same and renders incandescent even the top contracted part of the mantle G. Furthermore,anyincompletely-burned carbonaceous particles are carried through the tubes V IV, and thus they cannot settle in the form of soot on the incandescent body.

The tubes V W are made of glass, metal, asbestos, mica, or other suitable material and are secured, preferably, in the center of the chimney C by means of any suitable device.

Experiments have shown that this burner is capable of producing an incandescent light, no matter what kind of liquid combustible is used, and this quite independent of the temperature at which such combustibles ignite or gasify. Moreover, this elfect is obtained without the aid of the extra gasifying-ame for separately gasifying the combustible, as required for the' known burners for incandescent lights.

IIaving now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention, I

declare that what I claim, and wish to secure h by Letters Patent, is-

l In an annular liquid-combustible burner for producing incandescent lights without the aid of a separate gasifying-flame, a hood R forming. an annular passage for the outer current of air and having a bent-in edge S, an obstructing ring or flange II in the upper end of wick-tube D and a disk E having tapering edge and whose under edge is arranged about in alinement with the edge S of hood R, substantially as described and shown in the drawings.

2. In combination with an annular burner for incandescent lights, a short tube V for supporting the incandescent body, a tube IV receiving the tube V and extending to near the top of, and held centrally in, the chimney C, substantially as and for the purpose described and shown.

In witness whereof I have hereunto signed my name in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

GERHARD DITMAR. lVitnesses: HARRY BELMONT, JOSEF ZEHETEN.

IOO 

